History of Homs:
Homs, also known as “Hims” in Arabic, is a city located in western Syria with a long and storied past that dates back thousands of years. It has been inhabited since ancient times and served as a thriving center for commerce and cultural exchange due to its strategic location along trade routes. Homs has been influenced by various civilizations throughout history, including the Greeks, Romans, Byzantines, and Arabs.
Situated approximately 160 kilometers north of the capital city, Damascus, in the central-western part of Syria, Homs is positioned on the banks of the Orontes River and is surrounded by fertile plains. Its geographical location has made it an important transportation hub and a gateway to other regions of Syria.
The city is home to a diverse population, including Arabs, Armenians, and other ethnic groups, and it boasts a rich cultural heritage reflected in its architecture, cuisine, music, and traditional crafts. The people of Homs are known for their warm hospitality and resilience in the face of challenges.
Homs has historically been an economic center due to its strategic trade position. Industries such as textiles, manufacturing, and agriculture have played a significant role in the city’s economy. However, the Syrian civil war, which began in 2011, has had a detrimental impact on Homs’ economy, resulting in widespread destruction and displacement.
Khalid Ibn al-Walid Mosque:
Khalid Ibn al-Walid Mosque, a renowned Ottoman-era monument, stands as the most celebrated landmark in the city of Homs. Within its walls lies the tomb of Khalid Ibn al-Walid, a prominent companion of Prophet Mohammed (PBUH) and a highly esteemed commander of the early Muslim armies. Born in Mecca in 592, Khalid Ibn al-Walid played a pivotal role in the conquest of vast territories in modern-day Syria, as well as achieving significant military victories in Arabia and along the Euphrates river in present-day Iraq. His military prowess and strategic brilliance were widely acknowledged and attributed to his success.
Originally a cemetery, the site of Khalid ibn al-Walid Mosque featured a small mosque adjacent to the tomb in the late 7th century. During the Mamluke period in 1265, a larger mosque was constructed at the location. However, during the rule of Ottoman governor Nazim Hussein Pasha, the previous mosque was demolished to make way for the construction of the present-day mosque, which is relatively modern. The construction of the mosque took place between 1908 and 1913, while the interior tomb dates back to the 11th century. The older sarcophagus containing the remains of Khalid Ibn al-Walid was relocated to the National Museum in Damascus.
Karjia Clock:
Karjia Clock, a tower building located in the heart of Homs, is a another renowned landmark and symbol of the city. Constructed in the 1960s, it features a large mechanical clock at its pinnacle, displaying the time from four sides, each facing different main streets passing through Jamal Abdel Nasser Square.
The clock’s history began in 1951 when Mrs. Karjieh generously donated 30,000 Syrian pounds to erect a clock tower near the Saraya in the city center. After six years and the completion of the tower’s construction in 1959, it was discovered that the donated amount was insufficient to purchase a clock mechanism due to inflation. Determined to see the project through, Mrs. Karjieh promptly sent an additional 30,000 Syrian pounds to ensure its completion.
The clock’s design was carefully chosen after considering various local and international models. All the necessary equipment was sourced from outside Syria, while the construction work was carried out by skilled craftsmen from Homs over a period of approximately nine months.
Resembling a square-style minaret, the clock tower features a combination of black and white stones. The clock itself takes the form of a square dome with four arched openings, each serving as a doorway. Illuminated by concealed lamps positioned behind the numbers, the clock hands, approximately 100 cm long, emit an inward radiance. The clock’s structure is constructed using white limestone and black marble.
The clock mechanism is a French-made mechanical watch powered by electricity. It is connected to a locally invented linkage motor by watchmaker Abdullah Kishi, ensuring its operation during power outages. Additionally, the clock emits musical melodies that can be heard from a distance of approximately six kilometers. Notably, the clock features a wooden “miqqit” dancer with a metal disc at its end, adding a unique visual element.
Karjia Clock stands as a testament to the generosity of Mrs. Karjieh and the craftsmanship of the builders from Homs. It serves as both a functional timekeeping device and a beloved symbol that adds character to the bustling streets and squares of Homs.
Despite the challenges faced during the Syrian war, the people of Homs remain determined to rebuild their city and preserve its rich heritage. Homs stands as a city with a deep historical legacy and a vibrant cultural tapestry, showcasing the spirit and strength of its inhabitants.
