Location of Jerash:
Jerash, located approximately 48 kilometers (30 miles) north of Amman, the capital city of Jordan, is an ancient city renowned for its remarkably well-preserved Roman ruins. Often referred to as the “Pompeii of the East,” it offers a captivating glimpse into the grandeur of the Roman Empire.
History of Jerash:
The history of Jerash dates back to the Neolithic period, but it reached its zenith during the Roman rule and became one of the Decapolis cities of the Roman Empire. Flourishing during the 1st century AD and continuing its prosperity until the 3rd century AD, it boasts an impressive archaeological site that showcases a harmonious blend of Roman, Byzantine, and Umayyad architectural styles.
As visitors explore the sprawling ruins of Jerash, they are transported back in time to an era of splendour and magnificence. The archaeological site is replete with notable structures and landmarks that highlight the city’s rich history. Some of the must-see features include:
- Hadrian’s Arch: This monumental arch was built in 129 AD to honour the visit of Emperor Hadrian. It stands as an impressive gateway, welcoming visitors into the ancient city.
- Hippodrome: An ancient Roman stadium, the Hippodrome was the venue for thrilling chariot races and other grand events. Its well-preserved remains offer a glimpse into the excitement and grandeur of Roman entertainment.
- Oval Plaza: A large public square surrounded by majestic colonnades and adorned with beautiful fountains, the Oval Plaza was the heart of civic and social life in Jerash.
- Cardo Maximus: Once the main street of Jerash, the Cardo Maximus is a bustling thoroughfare lined with columns, shops, and temples. It provides a vivid depiction of daily life in the ancient city.
- Temple of Artemis: Dedicated to the goddess Artemis, this magnificent temple boasts well-preserved Corinthian columns and stands as a testament to the architectural prowess of the ancient Romans.
- North Theater and South Theater: Jerash boasts not one, but two ancient Roman theaters. These theaters were venues for performances and concerts, and to this day, they continue to host cultural events, allowing visitors to experience the rich artistic heritage of the region.
A visit to Jerash offers more than just a visual feast of ancient ruins. The site is well-maintained and offers guided tours, providing visitors with fascinating insights into the history and significance of each structure. Expert guides bring the city’s past to life, making the experience all the more immersive and educational.
For those with a deeper interest in the history, the Archaeological Museum is a must-visit. Founded in 1923 and initially situated within the courtyard of the Artemis Temple, the museum was later relocated to the renovated old rest house in 1985. The museum focuses exclusively on artefacts unearthed in the Jerash region, offering a comprehensive representation of archaeological periods ranging from the Neolithic era to the Mameluk period. The exhibits are thoughtfully organized in chronological order, allowing visitors to trace the region’s history and witness the evolution of human civilization through the ages.
In addition to its historical attractions, Jerash is also known for its vibrant cultural scene. Every year, the city hosts the Jerash Festival of Culture and Arts, a remarkable event that celebrates Jordanian and Arab traditions through music, dance, and theatrical performances. The festival attracts both local and international artists and visitors, creating a melting pot of cultural exchange and appreciation.
Jerash stands as a testament to the grandeur of the Roman Empire and offers a unique opportunity to delve into the rich history of Jordan. With its well-preserved ruins, guided tours, and cultural festivities, Jerash is a destination that captivates visitors with its ancient marvels and cultural vibrancy.
